| Reflection: |
| Glass surfaces have the fundamental property of reflecting light. This effect is naturally unwanted as far as lenses and filters are concerned as the complete incident light should get to the photo sensor. A mirrored pair of sunglasses profits e.g. from this fact! A large part of the light is reflected, less light reaches the eye, the image gets darker.
|
 |
|
|
| Light loss: |
| A light loss of approx. 4 to 5 % is caused on any uncoated glass surface because of partial reflection (on both surfaces of uncoated filters 8 to 10 % altogether). This is due to the different refractive power of air and glass which unavoidably leads to a reduction of the lens speed.
|
 |
|
|
| Coating: |
| A coating is applied to the glass surfaces in order to avoid or reduce light loss with lenses and filters. This one consists of one or several different layers (the more, the better). The coating has positive effects on the transition of light from the air into the filter glass and vice versa. It eliminates thus the light loss almost completely.
|
 |
|
|
| Vignetting: |
| |
Depending on their focal length, lenses have different viewing angles.
|
| ·
|
Telephoto lenses (i.e. long focal lengths, miniature photograph > 50 mm) have a small viewing angle
|
| ·
|
Wide-angle lenses (i.e. short focal lengths, miniature photograph < 50 mm) have large viewing angles
|
|
 |
|
|
| Vignetting: |
| If a filter is put in front of wide-angle lenses, this one can already jut out into the picture angle. This becomes apparent by dark picture corners - the vignetting. With slim mounts of slim filters, this negative effect cannot occur.
|
|